50-year-old female
A 50-year-old African American female with no significant medical history had initially been imaged for radiolucencies in the maxilla and mandible. One site was biopsied, and the histologic report returned cemento-osseous dysplasia, though a cemento-ossifying fibroma could not be ruled out. The patient was asymptomatic and no surgery was performed. After a four-year gap in follow-up, the patient returned with complaints of mandibular enlargement. On the current scan, the lesion had nearly doubled at its largest dimension. Given the prior histopathologic results and the radiographic changes over time, the radiologist made a radiographic determination of cemento-ossifying fibroma. The radiologist noted that this case highlights the role of a radiologist in differentiating between cemento-osseous dysplasia, which is stable and requires no treatment, and a cemento-ossifying fibroma, which has growth potential, since these two entities are histologically identical.
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